Traditional and Alternative Medicine: Research and Policy Perspectives

EDITOR’S: Tuley De Silva, Theeshan Bahorun, Manoranjan Sahu and Le Mai Huong
PUBLISHER: Daya Publishing House
ISBN: 9788170356141
YEAR: 2009
PAGES: 612
SIZE: 16 X 24 X 3.8 cms.
BINDING: Hard
LANGUAGE: English

ABOUT THE BOOK: Herbs and traditional medicines are being extensively used for healthcare in almost all the countries. Ancient religious texts are replete with references on the use of natural products with medicinal properties. Because of local beliefs and cost considerations, herbal medicines remain a popular mode of treatment in the developing countries. Even in the industrialised society, rising cost of prescription drugs and ensuing side effects of the treatment, make it highly attractive to use the traditional medicine particularly for minor ailments.
Modern system of medicine is based on sound experimental data, toxicity studies and human clinical studies, however pharmacopoeia on herbal products is usually not available. Precisely, herbal industry lacks good manufacturing practices as standards of the medicinal plant products are not well regulated and the quality of finished herbal products is often not up to the mark. For this reason, many medicinal plants are either getting scarce or are on the verge of extinction resulting into genetic erosion due to a huge public demand and extraction of massive amount of modern drugs from these' plants. If this trend continues, the human race will lose some of the most important sources of future drugs, which will be lost by the mankind forever.
The focus of this book prominently encompasses the importance of traditional medicine in our modem health systems and discusses the potential applications of phyto-chemicals to assist bio-molecular mechanisms, and hence offer realistic and therapeutic possibilities. It includes review papers on production strategies, projection trends, regulatory status and IPR issues, and reports on the characterization and isolation of useful medicinal plant phyto-chemicals, clinical and bioactivity studies comprising antifungal, anticancer, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, hepato-protective and acetylcholinesterase assays. Finally, a series of comprehensive country reports provide an evaluation of the use of traditional heath care systems and related research output in many developing countries.
This book is chiefly based on the discussions and presentations during the International Workshop on 'Herbal Medicinal Plants and Traditional Herb Remedies', 20-21 September 2007, Hanoi, Vietnam. It is likely to contribute to an understanding of the status of research, policies and regulatory status of medicinal plants and their products in developing countries, and the information presented herein would hopefully serve as a valuable material for the scientists and professionals engaged in this subject area.

CONTENTS:
Foreword
    M.S. Swaminathan
Preface
    Tuley De Silva, Theeshan Bahorun, Manoranjan Sahu and Le Mai Huong
Introduction
    Arun P. Kulshreshtha

Part I: Review Papers

1. Herbal Medicines: From Research to the Production Line
    Emmanuel A. Orgah

2. Factors Influencing Secondary Metabolism and Therapeutic Efficacy of Medicinal Plants
    P. Pushpangadan and Varughese George

3. Medicinal Plants/Traditional Medicine and IPR Protection
    P. Pushpangadan and Varughese George

4. Regulation of Herbal Healthcare Products
    Tuley De Silva

5. Traditional Medicine in the Developing and Developed Countries and Expected Trends in Future
    Tuley De Silva

Part II: Phytochemistry

6. New and Interesting Compounds from Some Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh
    ChoudhuryM. Hasan

7. Xanthone Derivatives from Cratoxylon cochinchinense Blume
    Ha Viet Son, Hoang Thank Huong and Nguyen Huu Khoi

8. Flavonoids from Belamcanda sinensis
    Le Minh Ha, Nguyen Van Hoan and Tran Cam Son

9. Peroxygenases: New Extra-cellular Mushroom Enzymes which Oxygenate Aromatic Compounds
    Rene Ullrich, Dau HungAnh, Matthias, Kinne, Martin Kluge, Christian Dolge,Mandy Starke, Christiana Liers, Katrina Scheibner, Do Hue Nghi, Le Mai Huong and Martin Hofrichter

10. A New Flavan from the Stems of Dracaena cambodiana
    Tran Thu Huong, 'Nguyen Hai Dang, Phan Van Kiem and Chau Van Minh

11. Genetic Diversity of Andrographis paniculata (Bunn. f.) Nees of Brunei Darussalam Determined by RAPD and PCR-RFLF Analyses
    Kui Hong Chua, C.G. Li, C.L. Xue Charlie and E.C.K. Pang

12. Improvement of the Method for Simultaneous Determination of Indirubin and Indigo by UV-Visible Spectrophotometry
    Bui Huu Tai and Nguyen Manh Cuong

13. Study on Chemical Constituents of Ophiopogon confertifolius
    Nguyen Thi Vinh Hue, Nguyen Duy Thuan, Nguyen Trong Thong Chau Van Minh and Phan Van Kiem

14. Isostephaoxocanine: A New Dihydroisoquinoline Alkaloid from the Roots of Stephania brachyandra Diels.
    Nguyen Quoc Huy, Pham Thanh Ky, Tran Van On, Chau Van Minh and Phan Van Kiem

15. Gleditschiaside B and C: Two New Carbohydrate Esters of Cinnamic Acid from the Leaves of Gleditschia australis Hemsl
    Nguyen Thi Hong Van, Phan Van Kiem, Chau Van Minh and Alessandra Braca

16. A New Triterpene from Baeckeafrutescens L. (Myrtaceae)
    Tran Hong Quang, Phan Van Kiem and Chau Van Minh

17. Study on the Chemical Constituents of Polygonum hydropiper L.
    Tran Thi Quynh Hoa, Nguyen Xuan Nhiem, Hoang Thanh Huong, Ha Viet Hai, Phan Van Kiem and Chau Van Minh

18. Chemical Constituents from Clerodendrum inerme L.
    Iran Thi Minh, Nguyen Thi HoangAnh, Vu Dao Thang and Tran Van Sung

19. Isolation and Characterization of Triterpenes and a Phenolic Glycoside from Celastrus hindsii Benth
    Trinh Thi Thuy, Tran Van Sung, Nguyen Huy Cuong and Pham Thi Ninh

20. Chemical Studies on Five Vietnamese Fissistigma Species (Annonaceae)
    Tran Van Sung, Trinh Phuong Lien, Trinh Thi Thuy, Ngiiyen Tlii HoangAnh, Nguyen Hong Van and Tran Due Quan

21. The Synthesis of a Novel Bibenzopyran Relied on Electro-oxidation of Malloapelta B by Cyclic Voltammetry
    Phan Thi Binh, Bui Hai Ninh, Chau Van Minh, Nguyen Hoai Nam, Le Mai Huong and Phan Van Kiem

22. A New Dammarane-Type Triterpene Saponin from Eriochloa ramosa (Retz) Hack (Poaceae)
    Le Thi Kirn Loan, Nguyen Xuan Nhiem, Chau Van Minh and Phan Van Kiem.

23. Indole Alkaloids from Kopsia pitardii Merr. (Apocynaceae)
    Do Thi Thu Huong, Nguyen Ngoc Hanh, Nguyen Quyet Chien and Nguyen Van Hung

24. Review of Lupane Triterpenoids from Acanthopanax Species and their Pharmacological Activities
    Nguyen Xuan Nhiem, Nguyen Huu Tung, Eun Mi Choi and YoungHo Kim

Part III: Clinical and Bioactivity Studies

25. Traditional and Modern Applications of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. and Azadirachta indica A Juss-Vital Trees of South India
    C. Rajasekaran, E. Meignanam, N. Premkumar, T. Kalaivani, R. Siva and V. Vijayakumar

26. Antifungal Constituents from the Stems of Dracaena cambodiana
    Nguyen Hai Dang, Phan Van Kiem, Chau Van Minh and Tran Thu Huong

27. Cytotoxic Activity Assessment of Traditional Anticancer Plants Belong to Some Species of Selaginella of Vietnam
    Le Minh Ha and Le Mai Huong

28. Chemical and Biological Studies of Seed of Vietnamese Citrus Plant
    Doan Lan Phuong, Pham Quoc Long and B. Matthaus

29. Study on Antipolyarthritic Activity of Rhizoma cibotii
    Dien Vu Van, Tram Nguyen Thi and Duong Nguyen Thuy

30. Study on Chemical Composition and Some Bio-activities of Herba piperis Lolot
    Dien Vu Van and Hung Le Quoc

31. Study on Antioxidant Activities and Principles of Vietnamese Bitter Tea Ilex kudingcha
    Phuong Thien Thuong, Nguyen Hai Dang, Tran Minh Ngoc, Tran Manh Hung, Nguyen Duy Thuan and Won Keun Oh

32. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-lB Inhibitory Constituents from Erythrina spp.
    Long Cui, Zacharias Tanee Fomum, Phuong Thien Thuong and Won Keun Oh

33. Management of Difficult Fistula in Ano by Ksharasutra (Chemical Seton)
    Manoranjan Sahu

34. Studies on Breast Cancer in Relation to Prakriti (Constitution)
    Mridula Singh and G.C. Prasad

35. Studies on Hepato-protective Action of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica and Emblica officinalis (Triphala)
    O.P. Singh, N. Sujatha, P.K. Rai, N.P. Rai and S.K. Singh

36. Status of AYUSH and Need for Standardization of Medicinal Plants
    A. Saraswathy

37. The Research of Bioactive Components from Different Plants: Case of Rwanda
    Kabera N. Justin and Nyetera Polycarpe

38. Identification of Interaction of Mosquito Larvicidal Compounds from Lantana vibumoides ssp. vibumoides var. kisi by Using Subtraction Bioassay
    Ester Innocent, Nicholas K. Gikonyo, M.J. Moshi, Mayunga H.H. Nkunya, Joseph C. Cosam and Ahmed Hassanali

39. Chemoprofiling and Bioefficacy Evaluation of Herbal Drugs and Formulations Pre-treated by Gamma Radiation for Microbial Decontamination
    Bishan Datt Gupta

40. In vitro Antioxidative Activity of Some Medicinal Plants
    Nguyen Ngoc Hong, Ho Thi Cam Hoai, Ho Huynh Thuy Duong and Tran Hung

41. Bioactivities of a Vietnamese Medicinal Plant Vang Se (fasminum subtriplinerue Blume.)
    Dai Hue Ngan, Ho Thi Cam Hoai, Le Mai Huong, Poul Erik Hansen and Ole Vang

42. Use of Acetylcholinesterase Activity for the Quantitative Determination of Organophosphate Pesticides
    Le Minh Tri, Nguyen Quoc Khang and Ngo Thi Thuy Phuong

43. A Contribution to Medico-Ethnobotany of Kalahandi District, Orissa, on Ear and Mouth Disease
    Nalini Sadangi, Rabindra N. Padhy and Rajani K. Sahu

44. Traditional Veterinary Herbal Practices of Kalahandi District, Orissa, India '
    N. Sadangi, R.N. Padhy and R.K. Sahu

Part IV: Country Reports

45. Country Status Report on Traditional Medicine Research and Development in Nigeria
    Emmanuel Orgah

46. Most Widely Traded Plant Drugs of Turkey
    K.Hiisnii Can BASER

47. Socio-economic Development and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge Protection in Relwa, Dediapada and Nani Singloti Villages
    Lancelot D'Cruz

48. An Introduction to the Studies of Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in the Lao People's Democratic Republic
    Bounhong Southavong, Kongmany Sydara and Somsanith Bouamanivong

49. Herbal Prophylactics in Mauritius: Status of Traditional Use and Research
    Theeshan Bahorun

50. Research on Some Indigenous Medicinal Plants of Myanmar
    Soe Soe Win

51. Status of Medicinal Plants and Prospects of their Cultivation in Dang
    Chiranjivi Regmi

52. The Role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Bioprospecting and Product Development in South Africa: A Policy, Research, Development and Innovation Perspective
    Hlupheka Chabalala

53. Indonesia Country Report on Herbal Medicinal Plants and Traditional Herbs Remedies
    Adriana Marthiany Lubis

54. Some Frontline Medicinal Plants of Kashmir Himalaya Used in Unani Medicine: Present Status and Role
    Tariq Ahmad Butt and M.K. Siddiaui

55. Perceptions, Attitudes, Knowledge and Practice of Traditional Medicines Among Bruneians: A Pilot Study
    Nwolaini PgHaji Muhd Kifli, Zaw Wint and Linda Lim

56. Herbal Remedies and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Bhutan
    Phurpa Wangchuk

57. A Preliminary Study on the Lowering of Cholesterol Levels by a Combination of Black Seed and Garlic
    M.H.A. Tissera, KM.M. Kadudunkorala and K. Withanarachchi

58. The Brief History and Development of Traditional Medical Science in Mongolia
    A. Altantsetseg and Ch. Chimedragchaa